ABSTRACT
Objective and Background: Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level can consequently be interpreted as an average of the blood glucose present over the past 3–4 months. Periodontitis is associated with glycemic control in patients with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of HbA1c in healthy and periodontitis patients who were previously not diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 patients were selected for study and divided into two groups. Group 1 included patients with a healthy periodontium, and Group 2 included patients suffering from chronic periodontitis. Finger stick blood was collected by special collection unit (A1CNOW+® Bayer Health Care, Tarrytown New York, USA), for estimating level of HbA1c. Result: Both groups showed similar HbA1c levels clinically with slight increase in levels in the test group, but was statistically significant (test ‑ 5.66 ± 0.35%, control ‑ 5.17 ± 0.3% P = 0.003). Conclusion: Indians are at a high‑risk of developing periodontitis and diabetes. These data suggest a possible link between periodontitis and glycemic control in nondiabetic individuals, periodontal disease may be a potential contributor to the development of type 2 diabetes.
Subject(s)
Adult , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Diagnostic Errors , Female , Humans , Lipectomy/adverse effects , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods , Surgical Wound Infection/diagnosis , Surgical Wound Infection/microbiology , Treatment Outcome , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/microbiologyABSTRACT
Mandibular premolars have earned the reputation for having an aberrant anatomy. Literature is replete with reports of extra canals in mandibular second premolars, but reports about the incidence of extra roots in these teeth are quite rare. This paper attempts at explaining a rare case of successful endodontic management of a two-rooted mandibular second premolar with diagnostic, inter-operative and postoperative radiographic records along with a substantial data on the incidence of extra roots in these teeth. The standard method of radiographic appraisal was maintained as the criteria for determining the presence of extra roots. Totally, 600 patients were examined for a period of four months by three endodontists. Out of them, eight patients had an extra root in one of the mandibular second premolars and three patients showed a bilateral presence of two roots.